SDG 10 calls for reducing inequality within and among countries by addressing income gaps, social exclusion, and unequal access to services and justice. While many nations are working to expand social protection and inclusive growth, Pakistan continues to face disparities across income, gender, geography, education, disability, and digital access. This article outlines the global vision of SDG 10, diagnoses Pakistan’s inequality puzzle, and proposes reforms informed by Islamic principles of justice and compassion, alongside pragmatic economic measures.