Pakistan’s logistics system is overstretched, costly, and road-dependent. This national concept paper proposes inland water transport along the Indus River as a long-term, sustainable logistics backbone—integrating water, rail, road, and ports for economic resilience.
Pakistan’s agricultural export potential remains constrained by time-sensitive logistics failures rather than production capacity. This policy study examines the critical role of air cargo in enabling high-value agricultural exports, evaluates institutional and infrastructure gaps, and presents international lessons from the Netherlands, Kenya, and Turkey to propose a focused agro-air cargo strategy for Pakistan.
Pakistan’s inland logistics system relies overwhelmingly on road transport, resulting in congestion, rising infrastructure damage, safety hazards, fuel inefficiency, and economic losses. This research critically examines the structural weaknesses of the existing framework and proposes a viable, integrated multimodal logistics model leveraging road, rail, sea, inland waterways, and selective air cargo to achieve efficient, cost-effective, door-to-door transportation.
For decades, Asian nations defined world hockey through skill, intelligence, and artistry. This article argues that their decline was not accidental—but engineered through systematic rule changes that reshaped the sport itself.
