Introduction of Islam: Prophethood

Introduction of Islam

Section Three “Prophethood”

Background

We live in an age marked by anxiety and restlessness, as a subtle transformation sweeps across the globe. The old order is gradually disintegrating, and a new one is on the horizon. History shows that such periods of upheaval often give birth to fresh movements and cultures. Today, the world is saturated with tension, yet there is also an eager anticipation of a renaissance—a revival of humanity in the twentieth

A distinctive hallmark of our era is the widespread revival of Islam. After a long period of dormancy, the Islamic world is awakening from its slumber. A renewed consciousness is emerging, invigorating the global Muslim community in every corner of the world and carrying the potential to usher in a new age.

However, for this Islamic revival to herald a genuinely transformative era, it must be accompanied by an intellectual revolution—a comprehensive reassessment of Islam’s rich intellectual and cultural heritage, presented in language and ideas that resonate with contemporary thought.

Introduction of Islam: Prophethood, Islam is not merely a collection of beliefs; it is a complete way of life that offers guidance for every aspect of human existence—spiritual, moral, social, and legal. This publication is designed to explore the foundational concepts of Islam in a structured and accessible manner, guiding readers step by step through its key principles.

•  The complete Series

The series is divided into seven sections, each inquiring into a critical aspect of Islam to provide a deep understanding of its fundamental teachings and practical applications. These sections include:

• • Section One: The Meaning of Islam – Explores the essence of submission to God and lays the foundation for further study.
  • Section Two: Faith and Obedience – Examines the intrinsic link between belief and action.
  • Section Three: The Prophethood – Highlights the role and significance of the Prophets as divine messengers. (You are here)
  • Section Four: The Articles of Faith– Details the core tenets of Islamic belief and the practices that express them.
  •  Section Five: Prayer and Worship – Outlines the practices that express the core tenets of Islamic belief.
  • Section Six: Din and Shari’ah – Explores how faith and divine law interact to guide personal and societal conduct.
  • Section Seven: The Principles of Shari’ah – Outlines the legal, ethical, and social frameworks that define Islam’s moral code.

Each section will be published separately, with links provided to previous chapters and glimpse for upcoming topics to ensure smooth continuity. At the end of each section, you’ll find a brief summary of what has been covered so far, followed by an introduction to the next topic—allowing you to follow a logical progression in your journey to understand Islam.

This series invites you to explore Islam comprehensively, from its core meaning to its extensive legal and ethical framework. Whether you are new to the subject or seeking to deepen your understanding, each installment builds upon the last, guiding you closer to the timeless wisdom and practical relevance of Islam.

• Summary of Previous Sections “Meaning of Islam-Faith and Obedience”
  • We have studied the core definition of Islam, understanding that it is a way of submission to God that encompasses every aspect of life. We have explored how Islam provides both spiritual fulfillment and practical guidance, ensuring a balanced and purposeful existence.
  • We have studied the connection between faith and obedience, learning that true belief in God requires adherence to His guidance. Islam is a practical religion where faith is demonstrated through action, shaping individuals into morally responsible beings.
• Prophethood

Prophets serve as the bridge between God and humanity, delivering divine commandments and exemplifying righteous conduct. In this section, we examine the concept of Prophethood in Islam, its purpose, and why following the teachings of the Prophets is essential for achieving success in both this life and the hereafter.

Introduction

The true path for humanity is to live in obedience to God. For such obedience to matter, it must be based on sound knowledge—the knowledge of God, His attributes, His preferences, His chosen way, and the reality of the Day of Judgment. Coupled with this knowledge, unwavering faith, or Iman, is essential. In His infinite mercy, God has relieved us of the burden of discovering this truth on our own. He has revealed His guidance through chosen Prophets, who are entrusted with conveying His will and leading humanity to the right path. This divine intervention shields us from the hardships of aimless striving. It is, therefore, every individual’s duty to recognize a true Prophet. Once confirmed as sent by God, one must have faith in him and follow his guidance. In doing so, one finds the road to salvation.

Prophethood: Its Nature and Necessity

•  Divine Provision and Human Potential

Understanding the nature and necessity of Prophethood begins with recognizing the abundant gifts that God has graciously bestowed upon humanity. These provisions—both individual and environmental—demonstrate that divine care extends to every aspect of life and underscore the logical necessity for prophetic guidance.

• Divine Provision for Individual Life

Every human being is born equipped with all the necessary faculties for life—eyes to see, ears to hear, a nose to smell, limbs to move, and a mind to think. In that small frame, God has instilled every power and potential required for survival and growth. Nothing essential has been left out.

• Nature’s Bounties

The universe itself is perfectly designed to sustain life. From birth, a child is nurtured by the natural instincts of loving parents. Air, light, water, and warmth—all are freely provided. At every stage of life, creation meets human needs with precise coordination.

• The Diversity of Human Faculties

Beyond survival, God has granted humans a diverse range of physical, mental, and moral faculties. These are not distributed equally; rather, they vary to encourage mutual interdependence. While humanity as a whole possesses everything required for collective advancement, individual capacities differ greatly.

• Special Divine Gifts and Talents

Some individuals possess extraordinary aptitudes—strength, intellect, artistic creativity, philosophical depth, or scientific curiosity. These are divine gifts, often innate rather than acquired. Such talents are not merely for personal benefit but serve the broader good of society.

• Deliberate Distribution of Genius

Talents are distributed with remarkable deliberation. Common occupations like farming or craftsmanship are widely enabled, whereas leadership, intellectual insight, or genius are reserved for a rare few. History is shaped by these exceptional individuals, who leave an indelible mark on civilization.

 The Cultural Need for Prophethood

• An Important Question

Given the complex structure of human society, one must ask:

• • Is human culture sustained only by specialists in politics, science, law, or economics?
  • Or does it also require individuals who can explain the higher purpose of life and guide people toward salvation?

• Beyond Technical Knowledge

While experts teach us to harness the material world, we also need moral and spiritual guides—those who answer questions such as:

• • Who am I, and why was I created?
  • Who endowed me with these powers, and to what end?
  • What values should I live by, and how can I attain them?

Without such answers, human culture remains hollow. The right path for life and success in both this world and the next requires foundational knowledge that only Prophets can deliver.

The Divine Solution: Prophetic Guidance

It would be unthinkable that God—who has meticulously provided for every material need—would neglect humanity’s greatest spiritual need. He has not. He raised individuals of extraordinary insight and spiritual purity. To these, He revealed His message. These chosen individuals, the Prophets, were entrusted with the duty of conveying divine truths. They showed humanity the way of godliness, righteousness, and salvation. Their mission was not self-initiated—it was a divinely ordained function of the highest order.

The Nature and Authority of the Prophet

• Characteristics of a True Prophet

A true Prophet exemplifies the highest moral and spiritual ideals:

• • He acts without self-interest.
  • He endures suffering for the betterment of others.
  • His life embodies truth, integrity, and nobility.
  • His character remains beyond reproach even under scrutiny.

This moral perfection confirms his trustworthiness. His message deserves absolute faith and obedience.

• Implications of Accepting a Prophet

Recognizing someone as a true Prophet of God necessarily implies:

• • Belief in his words as divine.
  • Obedience to his instructions.
  • Trust in his guidance, even if one does not fully understand every detail.

Just as we trust medical or legal experts, we must place even greater trust in the Prophet—whose wisdom comes from God.

The Responsibility to Believe and Follow

• The Logic of Trust

When seeking guidance about ultimate truths, one must exercise careful discernment. Once it becomes clear that a person is indeed a Prophet of God, complete trust and unwavering obedience must follow. To believe in the Prophet but ignore his teachings is a contradiction that negates true faith. Disobedience to him is disobedience to God.

• The Exclusive Path to Truth

There is only one straight path that connects man to God—this is the way shown by the Prophet Muhammad رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم (peace be upon him). To invent one’s own path is self-deception. Those who reject prophetic guidance inevitably fall into confusion, error, and despair.

• The Futility of Self-Guided Truth

Rejecting prophetic guidance is like refusing a wise mentor and choosing to stumble in the dark. In every discipline—science, art, or engineering—we rely on predecessors. Why, then, reject the most critical guidance of all: divine instruction for life and the hereafter?

• Obstacles to Belief

The refusal to believe often stems not from reason, but from pride, prejudice, and passion. Ancestral tradition, arrogance, or worldly desire blind people to truth. Only sincere and humble souls can truly recognize the Prophet’s رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم message for what it is: a call that resonates deeply with the human soul.

• Rejection Is Rebellion

Prophets are appointed by God and command belief by His decree. To reject them is not a personal opinion—it is rebellion against God Himself. Such rejection, even by someone who once claimed belief, is nothing less than kufr (disbelief). Every human is obligated to accept the Prophet  Muhammadرسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم and submit to his guidance.

History of Prophethood

• The Divine Principle of Prophethood

Across human history, the concept of unwavering trust in divinely appointed guides has deeply shaped cultures, philosophies, and civilizations. This enduring influence stems from a foundational truth: God has consistently guided humanity through Prophets—men chosen to convey His message and lead people to the right path. To grasp this spiritual legacy, we must look briefly at how Prophethood unfolded over time, culminating in the final messenger, Muhammadرسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم  (peace be upon him).

• The First Prophet: Adam (peace be upon him)

Human history begins with Adam, the first man and the first Prophet. From him and his wife Eve, all of humanity descended. Religion, history, and even scientific insights affirm this shared origin. God chose Adam not only to begin the human race but also to serve as His first Messenger. To him, the foundational truths of Islam were revealed: belief in one God, obedience to His commands, and living righteously. Adam warned his descendants that reward or ruin—both in this life and the next—hinges upon adherence to divine guidance.

• The Rise of Polytheism and Religious Deviation

While many of Adam’s descendants remained true to his teachings, others deviated. Ignorance gave rise to superstition and idolatry. People began to worship celestial bodies, natural elements, and mythic deities, developing divergent rituals and customs. These false religions distorted the original divine message. As humanity spread across the globe, each group evolved its own practices, losing touch with the one true God and the path shown by Adam.

• God’s Response: Sending Prophets to Every Nation

In response to this spiritual decline, God began raising Prophets among every people. These Prophets reminded their communities of the forgotten truth: to worship the One God, abandon idolatry, and live justly. They also established social laws to regulate life and guide civilization. Though cultural specifics varied, the essence of their message remained the same—the message of Islam: submission to the One God, moral integrity, and accountability in the hereafter.

• Evolving Revelation for Evolving Societies

As human societies developed, the laws revealed to Prophets became more refined. Early revelations were simple, suited to the moral and intellectual state of primitive communities. But as human capacity expanded, divine laws became more sophisticated. Nevertheless, the core remained unchanged: faith in God, righteous living, and the eternal principle of reward and punishment.

• Resistance to the Prophets

Despite their sincerity and sacrifices, Prophets were often met with hostility. Many were rejected, mocked, exiled, or even martyred. Few gained immediate followers, but their perseverance laid the foundation for moral revolutions. Over time, entire societies embraced their teachings. Yet even after widespread acceptance, the message often became corrupted.

• Corruption of the Original Message

After the demise of Prophets, their followers frequently altered the message. Innovations crept in—some elevating the Prophets to divine status or associating them with God. Rituals, myths, and man-made laws mixed with divine truths, blurring the lines between revelation and invention. This spiritual distortion turned the pure religion of the Prophets into a tangle of conflicting beliefs and superstitions.

• Traces of Truth Amid Distortion

Despite these corruptions, the legacy of Prophethood was not lost. Elements of truth—such as the idea of one God, the moral code, and belief in an afterlife—persisted in many cultures. These remnants laid the groundwork for a universal religion that would transcend tribal and national boundaries, one aligned with the original message brought by all Prophets.

• The Globalization of Religious Thought

Initially, isolated communities required distinct Prophets, as early nations had little contact with each other and faced unique spiritual challenges. But over time, commerce, travel, and conquest connected distant parts of the world. With increasing literacy and communication, ideas spread rapidly. Empires unified diverse peoples, creating a shared intellectual and moral landscape.

• A World Ready for a Universal Message

As global consciousness matured, so did the yearning for a comprehensive and universal faith. Even before Islam, religions like Buddhism and Christianity spread far and wide. Though often incomplete or distorted, their success reflected humanity’s readiness for a single, universal truth. The world had reached a point where one religion could guide all people across all dimensions of life—spiritual, moral, social, and political.

• The Final Prophet: Muhammad رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم (peace be upon him)

At this decisive moment in history, God raised Muhammad رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم (peace be upon him) in Arabia as the final Prophet for all of humanity. His mission was to reestablish Islam—not as a local or tribal faith, but as a complete way of life for the entire world. His message encompassed every sphere of human existence, offering solutions rooted in divine wisdom for all people, for all time.

The Prophethood of Muhammad رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم (peace be upon him)

• Arabia: The Unexpected but Ideal Cradle of Revelation

At first glance, Arabia may seem like an unlikely birthplace for a world-shaping religion. When scanning an atlas, one might expect a more politically developed or culturally prominent region to assume such a role. Yet, upon deeper reflection, the choice of Arabia reveals profound wisdom. Situated at the crossroads of Asia and in proximity to Europe, Arabia possessed a unique centrality. At the time of the Prophet’s emergence, Europe and India were home to sophisticated civilizations. Arabia lay equidistant between them, forming a natural hub for cultural and ideological diffusion. Its geographic location was not random—it was providentially suited to becoming the launchpad of a universal message.

• The Arabs: A People Ready for Reform

A closer look at the Arabian people reveals that no other nation was riper for divine intervention at that time.

• • Freedom from Decadence

While the great empires of the world were entangled in wars of dominance—drained by ambition and plagued by moral decay—the Arabs remained largely untouched by these corrupting influences. They had not inherited the decadence born of luxury and bureaucracy, common in the advanced civilizations of Rome, Persia, and India.

• • Retention of Noble Traits

Despite their ignorance and tribal rivalries, the Arabs preserved vital human virtues:

• • • Bravery and fearlessness
    • Generosity and loyalty
    • A fierce sense of honor
    • Love of freedom and independence

They had not succumbed to imperial control, and their character, forged in the harsh desert, remained vigorous and resilient. Although they lacked structured political institutions and spiritual guidance, they still possessed the raw material of greatness.

• • Ripeness for Prophetic Reform

Centuries had passed without the appearance of a reformer among them. This void had allowed ignorance and superstition to take deep root. Yet, paradoxically, this very void created a longing. A powerful, dormant potential awaited awakening. The moment a man of vision, character, and divine truth appeared, they were prepared to follow him—united, committed, and ready to face the world’s opposition for a just cause.

Thus, the Arabs were not just suitable—they were ideal. Their youthful energy, free spirit, and capacity for sacrifice made them the perfect bearers of the final divine message.

• •  Arabic: The Supreme Medium for Divine Revelation

No less significant than the people was the language in which the final message would be delivered.  Arabic, in its literary and expressive power, stands unmatched. An exploration of its pre-Islamic poetry and prose reveals a language capable of:

• • • Conveying the subtlest spiritual meanings
    • Evoking deep emotional responses
    • Expressing grand truths with concise elegance

A brief Arabic phrase can capture what may take paragraphs in another language. It stirs the heart, penetrates the soul, and uplifts the spirit. Its sounds carry a rhythm that brings both tears and joy.

Such a majestic language was necessary for the Qur’an—the final and most profound revelation from God. No other tongue could contain its divine grandeur. It was not coincidental, but a reflection of divine wisdom, that Arabic was chosen as the vessel for this eternal message.

•  The Prophet for the Whole World: Muhammad رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم (peace be upon him)

After preparing the land and the people, and crafting the perfect language, God raised among them a person of exceptional character, unmatched integrity, and unshakable truthfulness—Muhammad رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم (peace be upon him). His personality, soon to be explored in greater depth, was the crowning miracle in this grand divine plan. He was the one destined to ignite the dormant nobility of his people, shape them into a moral force, and carry the light of guidance to all corners of the earth.

Muhammad’s رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم Prophethood: A Rational Vindication

• Stepping Back in Time: A World Immersed in Darkness

Close your eyes and journey back 1,400 years—to a world far removed from the realities we take for granted today. The modern conveniences of communication, transportation, and information exchange did not exist. There were no telephones, radios, or internet. Printing presses had not yet been invented; railways, airplanes, and electricity were beyond imagination. Handwritten scrolls and the painstaking efforts of copyists were the sole means of preserving and transmitting knowledge.

In that primitive world, the human mind was bound by severe limitations. Intellectual horizons were narrow, and people were shackled by superstition, myth, and unverified beliefs. The pursuit of knowledge was confined to a privileged few. Institutions of learning were scarce, and education was not a right but a rare luxury.

Even the most learned individuals of that age, by today’s standards, possessed only a fraction of the knowledge we now consider elementary. Their worldview was circumscribed by local experience and oral tradition. The average educated person of our era surpasses the scholars of that time in scientific awareness, rational insight, and moral discernment.

• The Poverty of Reason and the Reign of Superstition

The intellectual climate of the time was bleak. What we now understand as basic scientific fact was then hidden behind layers of guesswork and conjecture. Simple truths were arrived at through lifetimes of reflection and trial. Meanwhile, crude myths, magical thinking, and irrational beliefs formed the foundation of public understanding.

Practices we now consider inhumane or morally outrageous were widely accepted and practiced without question. Cruelty, inequality, and social injustice were normalized and sanctified. Moreover, ideas of virtue and vice were often defined not by reason or revelation, but by custom and tribal tradition.

This distorted moral compass extended into religion as well. The supernatural was idolized to such an extent that only the extraordinary was deemed worthy of reverence. The sublime had to be clothed in magic or the mystical. In such a worldview, the idea that a human being—clothed in ordinary flesh—could possess divine wisdom or serve as a moral exemplar seemed inconceivable.

• A Culture Incapable of Producing a World Reformer

This was the cultural and intellectual climate into which Muhammad رسول اللہ صلی اللہ علیہ وسلم (peace be upon him) was born—a world where the rational faculty was stifled, truth was obscured by falsehood, and the human condition was mired in spiritual decay.

Yet, from this environment emerged a man whose character, vision, and teachings would illuminate the entire world. His message transcended the limitations of his time. He challenged superstition with truth, ignorance with knowledge, and tribalism with a universal moral code. He did not inherit libraries, study in formal academies, or draw upon centuries of scholarly tradition. Still, he produced a worldview so profound and transformative that it redefined human history.

• A Rational Vindication

The question must be asked: how could such a man arise in such a time and place? What natural or social force could explain the sudden emergence of a reformer who:

• • Proclaimed the unity of God in a world of idols?
  • Called for justice in a society of exploitation?
  • Preached knowledge in a culture of ignorance?
  • Embodied mercy amidst widespread cruelty?

Nothing in his surroundings—neither the intellectual resources nor the cultural norms—could have shaped him. No existing tradition could have forged his vision. The sheer contrast between the Prophet’s message and the world he was born into is so glaring, so inexplicable by historical or psychological means, that the only rational conclusion is this: he was sent by God.

Arabia: The Abyss of Darkness

• A Land Isolated from Civilization

Amid a world already engulfed in ignorance, one land lay in even deeper darkness—Arabia. While neighboring regions like Persia, Byzantium, and Egypt maintained traces of civilization and glimpses of learning, Arabia remained unambiguously detached. Isolated by vast deserts and arid landscapes, it stood cut off from the intellectual and political currents that flowed through more developed empires.

Arabian trade routes connected its merchants to the outer world, but the cultural exchange was shallow. Traders returning from foreign lands brought home goods, not ideas. In their homeland, educational institutions were nonexistent, libraries unheard of, and intellectual inquiry was not a cultural pursuit. Despite possessing a highly expressive language and a refined literary tradition, the Arab intellect was largely confined to poetry and oral tales that revealed a narrow, primitive worldview.

• Tribal Anarchy and Moral Decay

Arabia was a region without a centralized government or binding law. Each tribe was an autonomous entity, answering only to its own tribal code—a code often defined by vengeance and pride. Justice followed no universal principle. Instead, the law of the jungle prevailed. Bloodshed, looting, and arson were common occurrences. The most trivial provocations could trigger violent clashes, sometimes escalating into feuds that lasted for generations.

Human life, property, and honor were in constant jeopardy. Intertribal relations were ruled by animosity and suspicion, and a Bedouin saw no moral reason to respect the life or rights of a member of another tribe. In such an environment, warfare was glorified, and mercy seen as weakness.

•  Crude Customs and Cultural Depravity

Morally and socially, the Arabs of the time were in a primitive state. There was little understanding of ethical distinctions—between lawful and unlawful, clean and unclean, just and unjust. Barbaric practices abounded. Adultery, gambling, and drinking were widespread; looting and plundering were ingrained in the social fabric; murder was ritualized as an expression of tribal honor.

Even sacred practices were marred by shamelessness. During religious rites like the circumambulation of the Ka’ba, men and women often performed naked. Nudity was not only normalized—it was integrated into their religious identity. In their blind pursuit of honor, some tribes even buried their newborn daughters alive, fearing the shame of them being married outside the tribe. Others saw no issue in marrying their stepmothers after a father’s death.

Their ignorance extended to the most basic human routines—eating, hygiene, clothing, and social interaction. Civilized conduct was virtually unknown.

• Religious Ignorance and Idolatry

Spiritually, the Arabs were no better. Their concept of God was a patchwork of idolatry, animism, and fragmented legends. They worshipped everything—stones, trees, idols, stars, and spirits—except the One True God. Though they vaguely acknowledged Abraham and Ishmael as ancestors, they had no connection to their monotheistic legacy.

The prophetic teachings of past messengers like Hud and Saleh had faded into folklore. While the stories of ancient peoples such as ‘Ād and Thamūd survived in oral tradition, they were stripped of moral or spiritual value. Influenced by distorted Jewish and Christian traditions, the Arabs inherited tales of the Israelite prophets—but these accounts, laden with myth and fabrication, painted a false picture of divine guidance and the prophetic role.

Even among the scattered Jewish and Christian communities, the concept of prophethood had been severely tarnished. A mere glance at their tales—preserved in exegetical works—reveals how far removed they were from the true dignity and purpose of the Prophets.

• A Civilization in Need of Divine Light

This was Arabia—a society steeped in chaos, its people morally adrift, its intellect dormant, and its soul groping in darkness. Yet it was in this very environment that the greatest light of human history was destined to rise. The depths of Arabia’s abyss made it the perfect backdrop for the radiance of divine guidance. It was precisely this spiritual vacuum that made the prophetic mission of Muhammad (peace be upon him) all the more miraculous and transformative.

The Savior Is Born

•  A Star in the Darkest Night

Amid an age of moral decay and spiritual desolation, in a land cloaked in ignorance and tribal anarchy, a man was born who would alter the destiny of humankind. His arrival marked the beginning of a transformation so profound that it would reach across continents and centuries. Yet, from the outset, his life was marked by pain and deprivation.

Orphaned at an early age, he lost his father before birth and his mother shortly thereafter. By the age of eight, his grandfather—his final guardian—also passed away, leaving him in the care of his uncle. Deprived of even the basic nurturing that an average Arab child might have received, he grew up amid hardship and solitude.

• A Light Above All Shadows

To grasp the magnitude of this extraordinary man, we must assess his character not only against the backdrop of his immediate Arabian society but within the broader context of the world at large during that era. He stood alone—an unmatched moral force amidst widespread corruption, ignorance, and chaos.

From his earliest years, he was distinguished by a resolute honesty. He never spoke a lie, and this unwavering truthfulness was acknowledged even by those who opposed him most fiercely. Not once did an enemy accuse him of falsehood. His speech was consistently courteous; he never indulged in obscene language or insults. His demeanor radiated sincerity and dignity, drawing people to him through the quiet nobility of his character.

• Trustworthiness Beyond Question

For years, he engaged in trade—a profession rife with deceit and manipulation at the time—yet he never committed a single dishonest act. Those who dealt with him bore unanimous testimony to his fairness and reliability. The community came to know him as “Al-Ameen” (The Trustworthy), a title so widely accepted that even his adversaries would entrust him with their most valued possessions, confident they would be safeguarded without compromise.

• A Moral Revolution in One Man

In a society that glorified drinking, gambling, and lawlessness, he embodied restraint, refinement, and righteousness. Raised among people marked by rough manners, he displayed exquisite character and compassion. Where others reveled in aggression and ego, he was tender-hearted, particularly toward the weak. He comforted orphans, supported widows, and welcomed strangers with generosity. He never harmed anyone and was always willing to bear hardship on behalf of others.

Even in a time and place where blood feuds and warfare were considered honorable, he was a man of peace. His heart was pained by senseless tribal conflicts, and he made every effort to mediate and reconcile. He kept himself apart from the endemic violence of his society, offering instead a living model of peace and harmony.

• A Soul Intact in an Idolatrous World

Though raised in a culture steeped in idolatry, his soul remained untouched by its stain. From childhood, he possessed a pure and discerning heart, instinctively rejecting all forms of idol worship. He never bowed before a statue, never invoked a spirit, and never accepted the rituals that revolved around false deities. His gaze was always directed upward—to the One, the Creator, the True God. Alone among his people, he maintained a monotheistic intuition before divine revelation ever reached him.

• A Diamond Among Stones

In sum, his personality was a living miracle—a flawless character blossoming amid moral wilderness. He was a man of radiant virtue surrounded by the darkest vices. Like a diamond gleaming in a heap of stones, or a beacon piercing through the midnight gloom, his very being proclaimed that light had arrived, even before he declared his Prophethood. His life before revelation served as a silent yet undeniable proof that he was marked for something far greater—an unmatched mission for all humanity.

A Revolution Comes

• The Awakening of a Soul

After years spent cultivating a life marked by purity, civility, and moral excellence, a momentous transformation stirred within him. Surrounded by a world entrenched in ignorance and spiritual darkness, his soul could no longer bear the suffocating weight of idolatry, injustice, and moral decay. Everything in his environment clashed with the purity of his inner world. Seeking distance from the disorder and corruption of society, he withdrew into the surrounding hills, where he embraced solitude and silence.

There, in the stillness of the mountains, he fasted, prayed, and reflected deeply. His was not mere isolation—it was a purposeful quest, a journey inward to cleanse and elevate his soul, and to seek out a light powerful enough to redeem not just himself, but all of humanity. In this sacred seclusion, he yearned for a divine force strong enough to shatter the structures of falsehood and build the foundations of a new, righteous world.

• The Revelation of Light

Then, as if by divine decree, his heart was flooded with radiant light. What he had long sought in solitude was now revealed to him in full clarity. The power he had prayed for had been granted. Emerging from the cave where he had secluded himself, he returned not with a whisper, but with a message—a revolutionary call to truth:

“The idols you worship are mere deceptions. Cease your worship of them immediately.

No mortal being, no star, no tree, no stone, no spirit is worthy of your adoration.

All that exists in the universe belongs solely to God Almighty.
He is the Creator, the Nourisher, the Sustainer, and the true Sovereign before whom all must bow, pray, and render obedience.

Worship Him alone and obey only His commands.

Know that looting, plundering, murder, and rapine, along with injustice and cruelty, are crimes in the sight of God. Abandon your evil ways, for He despises them all.

Speak the truth. Be just. Do not kill or rob. Give each person their lawful due in a fair manner.

Remember, all human beings are equal in the eyes of God—none is born with disgrace, nor does anyone enter this world adorned with honor.
Only those who fear God, remain pious, and practice righteousness in both words and deeds are truly noble. Birth or race are not measures of greatness.

The day will come when you must all stand before your Lord to account for your deeds, and no one will be able to hide anything from Him.

In His court, no one can bribe or escape judgment by lineage; only true faith and good works will save you. Those who are fully equipped with them shall dwell in the eternal happiness of Heaven, while those devoid of them will be consigned to the fire of Hell.”

• Resistance to Revolution

This was the radical, transformative message he proclaimed. It was not a call to mere reform—it was a complete revolution of belief, character, and society. Unsurprisingly, the entrenched powers of ignorance rose in defiance. The very people he sought to awaken turned against him. They mocked him, cursed him, and stoned him with cruelty.

For thirteen relentless years, he endured every imaginable hardship. He was slandered, beaten, humiliated, and ultimately driven from his homeland. Yet even in exile, the hostility did not cease. His enemies pursued him across deserts and mountains. The entire Arabian Peninsula was incited to oppose him, and for eight more years, he was hunted with unrelenting aggression.

• A Steadfast Flame

And yet—he did not falter. With every insult, he stood taller. With every blow, his resolve grew stronger. Never did he waver, never did he compromise. Against overwhelming odds, he remained unwavering in his mission: to replace darkness with light, ignorance with truth, and tyranny with justice. In the face of torment, he held firm. His was a revolution of the spirit, and no force on earth could silence its call.

Why All That Enmity?

• Basic Question

One must ask: Why did his own people, his own nation, turn against him with such fierce hostility? What prompted their violent rejection? Was it a dispute over wealth—gold, silver, or worldly power? Was it vengeance for some ancient feud or personal grievance? Did he ever demand anything for himself—titles, treasures, or thrones?

None of these.

• The Answer

The entire storm of enmity arose from one singular cause: he invited them to worship the One True God—alone, without partners—and to abandon the falsehoods and superstitions inherited from their forefathers. He called for a life of righteousness, justice, compassion, and moral integrity. He denounced idolatry and demolished the foundations of the corrupt priesthood that profited from it. He challenged the social order rooted in arrogance and hierarchy, condemning tribal pride and racial discrimination as sheer ignorance. He sought to rebuild society on the eternal foundations of truth, equality, and God-consciousness.

• A threat to Privileges

But the very people he wished to reform cried out in defiance. They saw his message as a threat to their ancestral traditions and entrenched privileges. They warned him to renounce his mission—or suffer the consequences.

• The Test of Temptation

Still, one might wonder: if he faced such resistance, why did he persist? What gain was there for him if his people became righteous and just?

• • Was it power he sought? They offered him kingship.
  • Was it wealth? They promised him all the riches of Arabia.
  • Was it fame? They pledged to make him their undisputed leader—on one condition: that he abandon his message.

But he declined. Without hesitation, he turned his back on their temptations and chose suffering over silence, exile over compromise. What earthly reward could drive a man to endure years of relentless pain—insults, stones, starvation, torture, betrayal?

• The Higher Objective

There is only one answer: he was not driven by any worldly ambition. His was a higher calling. He sought not his own gain, but the salvation of others. He endured the fire and the sword, the torment of the body and the anguish of the soul, not for himself, but for the people—even those who spurned him and cast him out.

• A Truth Proved by Suffering

Can any insincere soul bear such trials? Can any self-seeking visionary maintain such steadfastness for two decades against a nation united in hostility? Could a liar suffer so deeply, yet stand so firmly?

Impossible.

This unwavering conviction—this iron resolve and radiant patience—bears witness to the supreme truth of his mission. Had even the faintest shadow of doubt touched his heart, he could never have endured the raging storm of twenty-one unbroken years. Every moment of suffering became proof of sincerity; every act of perseverance became a testimony to truth.

This was the revolution that had begun within him. And yet, another transformation—deeper, grander, more astonishing—was still to come.

A Changed Man at Forty—Why?

• Life Before Prophethood

For forty years, he lived quietly—an ordinary man among his people, never drawing attention beyond the respect he earned through honesty, calmness, and moral character. During these long years, no one saw in him the signs of a future statesman, preacher, philosopher, or reformer.

He neither climbed pulpits to preach nor engaged in discourse on the profound matters of theology, law, politics, or metaphysics.

Not once did he speak of angels, divine scriptures, previous prophets, the Hereafter, Heaven or Hell.

Though admired for his dignified conduct, graceful manners, and trustworthy nature, nothing in his life foreshadowed the monumental transformation that was to shake the very foundations of the world.

To his companions, he was known simply as a kind, sober, and thoughtful man—a respected yet unassuming citizen of Mecca.

• The Change

When he emerged from the solitude of the cave, he came with a voice and a message that resounded through the mountains and valleys of Arabia. Suddenly, the quiet man they had known began to speak—and the entire nation was stunned.

• A Voice That Awakened Hearts

  • He began to preach—and Arabia stood still, struck with awe at the sudden brilliance of his words and the force of his message.
  • His speech, once reserved and measured, now surged with unmatched eloquence and clarity, so compelling that even his fiercest opponents dreaded hearing it, fearing it might pierce their hearts and unsettle their inherited convictions.
  • He issued a bold challenge: let the finest poets, orators, and literary giants of the land produce even a single verse comparable to the revelation he was conveying—none could rise to the task. The sharpest minds and most celebrated tongues fell silent.

This was no gradual evolution of intellect, no careful crafting of rhetoric over years. It was a sudden eruption—an awakening of divine magnitude, too magnificent to be explained by mere talent or learning.

From a life of quiet dignity to a mission that would revolutionize the world—how could such a transformation come at the age of forty? What unseen force had touched this man, unlocking within him such sublime power, such irresistible truth?

This mystery compels the discerning mind to look deeper—for no ordinary cause could produce such an extraordinary change.

His All-Embracing Message

• Unparalleled Wisdom

Suddenly, he reemerged—no longer merely a trader or a solitary seeker, but a phenomenon unto himself. He stood before his people transformed into a philosopher of immense depth, a reformer of unmatched vision, a master of civilization, an insightful statesman, a peerless judge, and an invincible commander. This unlettered man of the desert, once unknown beyond his modest circle, now spoke with the kind of wisdom and authority that astonished the most learned minds of his age—and continues to command awe today.

• Spark of Genius

Though untutored in the conventional sciences, he addressed the most intricate realms of metaphysics and theology, spoke fluently on the rise and fall of empires, and passed profound judgments on the world’s religions and civilizations. He set forth a comprehensive ethical framework that governed individual morality, social justice, economic organization, and even international relations—foundational principles that remain astonishingly relevant and insightful even through the lens of modern scholarship.

• From Merchant to General

  • Unity of Arabs

The once unassuming, peace-loving merchant—who had never wielded a sword or commanded an army—suddenly rose as a warrior and strategist without peer. Though he had only ever witnessed one battle from afar, he emerged as a general of such caliber that, within just nine years, he united the fractured tribes of Arabia and brought the entire peninsula under one banner.

• • Military Brilliance

His military brilliance was unparalleled. With primitive weaponry and no sophisticated means of communication, he led a disunited, untrained people—who had no standing army or national structure—to victory over the two superpowers of the era. In mere decades, this once-forgotten desert people became torchbearers of a new global civilization.

• A Political Genius Without Ambition

Equally miraculous was his emergence as a visionary statesman. Though for forty years he had shown no inclination for leadership or politics, he united a vast desert of over 1.2 million square miles, composed of hostile, quarrelsome tribes, into a cohesive, law-abiding society. Without the tools of modern statecraft—no press, no radio, no bureaucracy—he forged a unified political and spiritual order. His people, once locked in endless cycles of tribal bloodshed, became the vanguard of justice, knowledge, and moral discipline.

• A Moral and Civilizational Revolution

He revolutionized not only institutions but hearts and minds. The uncultured became refined, the violent were tamed, the arrogant were humbled, and the immoral became paragons of virtue. Under his leadership, a barren and directionless society gave rise to thousands of enlightened souls who would carry his message across continents, not as conquerors, but as teachers, spiritual guides, and civilizational architects.

• Hearts and Mind

Remarkably, he achieved this transformation without tyranny, force, or personal gain. It was his gentle speech, radiant character, and enduring compassion that conquered hearts—even of his enemies. He forgave those who had persecuted him, exiled him, and waged war against him. He ruled with justice, never abandoning the path of truth—even when vengeance was within his grasp.

• The Simplicity of a Great Soul.

  • Modest Lifestyle

Despite becoming the undisputed leader of a nation, he never adorned himself with regal splendor. He lived in a modest clay hut, ate the simplest food—sometimes nothing at all—and wore rough garments no different from the poor among his people. He slept on straw mats and spent long nights in humble prayer. He worked with his hands, aided the destitute, and never distanced himself from the common folk. In gatherings, he blended so seamlessly with others that a stranger could not tell him apart from the rest.

• • Personal Benefits

Even in death, he left behind no wealth, no estate, and no dynasty of privilege. All he gave was for his community—his Ummah. He forbade his descendants from receiving Zakat, the poor-tax, ensuring that not even his own bloodline would divert aid intended for the needy.

• • A Mercy to Mankind

In every dimension—spiritual, intellectual, political, military, and ethical—his message was complete, his character sublime, and his example unmatched. This was no ordinary man. This was a mercy to mankind.

His Contribution to Human Thought

• A True Benefactor of Humanity

The legacy of this extraordinary man transcends the limits of time and geography. To truly grasp the magnitude of his contributions, one must view them not merely through the lens of religious reverence, but within the vast panorama of world history. Though born over 1,400 years ago—during what is often labeled the “Dark Ages”—this unlettered son of the Arabian desert was, in truth, the herald of the modern world and a genuine benefactor of humanity. His influence radiated far beyond the bounds of his followers. Even those who opposed his message have, knowingly or unknowingly, walked the paths illuminated by his principles. The intellectual currents of modern civilization carry the imprint of his thought.

• True Enlightenment

He fundamentally altered the trajectory of human consciousness. At a time when superstition reigned, when religious legitimacy was measured by inexplicable miracles and ascetic withdrawal from life, he championed a rational, balanced, and engaged spirituality. He rejected the mystical fog of irrationality and guided humanity toward a worldview rooted in reality, reason, and meaningful action.

• Spiritual Rationality

He redirected the search for divine truth—from seeking signs in mysterious phenomena to recognizing the rational structure of the universe, encouraging a pursuit of knowledge through observation, experimentation, and intellectual inquiry. He clarified the distinct yet interconnected roles of sense perception, reason, and intuition, thereby creating a harmony between the material and the spiritual, between scientific endeavor and sacred belief.

• A Paradigm Shift in Faith and Knowledge

  • Fusion of Faith with Critical Inquiry

He redefined the very idea of what constitutes proof and truth. No longer would unverifiable myths or magical occurrences dictate belief. He elevated reasoned evidence as the highest criterion, thus laying the philosophical groundwork for scientific thinking within a spiritual framework. In doing so, he fused faith with critical inquiry, proving that true religiosity thrives not in blind dogma, but in knowledge-driven conviction.

• • Obliteration of Divine Intermediaries

He decisively shattered the idols of superstition—be they stone, ideology, or man himself. He obliterated the notion of divine intermediaries, man-gods, and hereditary saints. Instead, he cultivated in humanity an unshakable belief in the Unity of God and the equality of all human beings before Him. His monotheistic message was so compelling that even polytheistic traditions, over time, felt compelled to adopt monotheistic language and symbolism.

• • Human Dignity and Spiritual Realism

    • Spiritual Integration with Daily Living

To those who sought spiritual purity through isolation and bodily torment, he presented a profound alternative: that one could achieve moral excellence, spiritual growth, and eternal salvation while fully engaged in the affairs of the world. He taught that virtue is not found in fleeing life’s challenges, but in confronting them with integrity, compassion, and purpose.

• • • Restoration of Human Dignity

He restored humanity’s sense of self-worth. In a world where people worshipped human figures or revered divine sons, he showed that a fully human being—neither god nor demigod—could rise to the highest spiritual station and serve as a model for all. He declared that no person is born with a stain of inferiority, whether of race, lineage, or class. He extinguished the flames of untouchability, serfdom, and divine kingship, replacing them with the light of human equality, moral merit, and universal dignity.

• • A Transformative Influence on Civilization

    • Legal, Political, and Economic Matters

His teachings were not mere theory—they were realized in action. He introduced principles of social justice, ethical conduct, and personal refinement that still animate civil societies today. His legal, political, and economic insights sparked revolutions that continue to unfold. Many modern ideas—such as rule of law, accountability in leadership, distributive justice, and the sanctity of contracts—find their roots in his guidance.

• • • International Law

He laid the first blueprint for international law and ethical warfare, centuries before the modern world would begin grappling with these issues. He envisioned a world governed not by brute force, but by a shared sense of justice and common humanity. In an era where the rules of engagement were dictated by tribal revenge and naked power, he called for restraint, proportionality, and compassion—even in the midst of war.

• A Timeless Legacy

  • Foundation of a New World

This unlettered Arab not only envisioned a new world—he built it. He transformed human thought, elevated ethical standards, revolutionized religious understanding, and laid the groundwork for a just society. His was not the legacy of a mystic recluse or an accidental hero. It was the legacy of a divinely guided leader whose thought continues to shape the human future.

• • Bridge Between Spiritual and Physical World

In him, we find the bridge between the spiritual and the rational, the sacred and the worldly, the ancient and the modern. His contributions are not relics of a bygone era; they are the living foundation upon which humanity can build a better, nobler tomorrow.

The Greatest Revolutionary

• The Pinnacle of Greatness: A Legacy Beyond Time

Amid the vast expanse of world history, the luminous figure of this unparalleled man rises above the great leaders, thinkers, and heroes of every age. Measured beside his towering presence, even the most renowned personalities appear limited:

• • Their brilliance is often confined to narrow domains.
  • Many have distinguished themselves in isolated spheres—philosophy, politics, military strategy, or spirituality—but none combine these virtues so seamlessly, so completely, as he does.
  • Some thinkers remained abstract theorists, untested by the demands of real life.
  • Some displayed tactical genius on the battlefield but lacked ethical depth.
  • The statesmen often failed to transcend political pragmatism, while spiritual masters retreated from the public square.

• The Embodiment of Integrated Excellence

In him, however, all streams of excellence converge. He was, at once:

• • A visionary philosopher and a practical statesman,
  • A moral reformer and a master strategist,
  • A legislator, a teacher, a spiritual guide, and a revolutionary reformer.

His life formed a single, integrated whole—no dimension of human experience was left untouched. He charted a harmonized worldview without contradiction or fragmentation. From the grandeur of empire to the details of daily etiquette, he offered comprehensive and coherent guidance.

Can history offer a second example of such a complete and comprehensive human being?

The answer is: No.

• A Revolutionary Beyond His Time and Place

Unlike many great figures whose achievements were shaped by their environment, he was not a product of his times—he was their transformer.

• • The pre-Islamic Arabian Peninsula offered no fertile ground for greatness: no sophisticated civilization, no advanced institutions, no cultural legacy of enlightenment.
  • It was a landscape of warring tribes locked in cycles of vengeance and ignorance.

Into this fragmented and chaotic world, he brought:

• • A unifying vision of spiritual purpose.
  • Ethical reform and political cohesion.
  • Not through coercion or tribal dominance, but through moral authority and transcendent ideals.

He reshaped not just a nation, but the moral destiny of humankind. He did not merely unify tribes; he founded a civilization rooted in justice, equality, and devotion to one moral order.

• Beyond Materialism and Historical Determinism

His emergence cannot be explained through modern historiography alone:

• • Hegel’s dialectical evolution or Marx’s materialist conception of history cannot account for a revolution aimed not at class or economy, but at the elevation of the human soul.
  • He came not to fulfill material needs but to purify hearts of arrogance, ignorance, and superstition.

His was a revolution not of institutions alone, but of consciousness:

• • Transcending race, nation, and political ideology.
  • He envisioned and built a universal order grounded in moral clarity and divine purpose.

This was a revolution of synthesis:

• • Of the soul and society.
  • Of the temporal and eternal.
  • Of this world and the next.

• The Maker of History

He did not ride history’s tide—he created the wave:

• • Where other revolutionaries capitalized on social momentum, he faced a barren land—bereft of hope, vision, or unity—and kindled a movement of enduring purpose.
  • He awakened a slumbering people, ignited conviction, instilled discipline, and gave them vision.

His followers were not passive recipients of change:

• • They were refined, transformed, and mobilized by his hand.
  • He did not merely change structures—he recreated human beings.

His revolution was the conscious, moral transformation of both individuals and societies—driven by an unwavering sense of purpose.

• A Universal Reformer

His was not a revolution bound to the 7th century. It endures:

• • His legacy answers the perennial questions of life: How to live justly? Believe sincerely? Govern ethically? Progress holistically?
  • His teachings are timeless blueprints for civilization.

Where in human history is there another figure who revolutionized not just a nation or an era, but the very fabric of human thought and conduct?

There is none.

The Final Testimony

• A Moment of Reflection

One must pause in deep contemplation:

How is it that in the heart of the Arabian desert—1,400 years ago, during an age shrouded in ignorance and moral decay—an unlettered Arab trader and herdsman emerged as a radiant beacon of light, wisdom, and sublime virtue?

• • With no formal education or inherited power.
  • No claim to scholarly lineage or political dynasty.
  • He possessed unmatched insight, profound moral integrity, and transformative strength.

Skeptics may argue that his message was a product of imagination. But had it been so, would he not have claimed divinity for himself? In a world where humanity eagerly deified kings, sages, and natural forces—where Krishna, Buddha, and Jesus were revered as divine—he had every opportunity to do the same. Humanity, conditioned to exalt mortals as gods, would likely have accepted such a claim without resistance.

Yet, his message was strikingly different.

• The Humble Messenger

He openly declared:

“I am but a human being like yourselves. Nothing I bring is from my own self; all that I convey has been revealed to me by God.”

• • Every law he established.
  • Every moral principle he taught.
  • Every word he spoke.

he attributed solely to Divine Revelation.

• • He never presented miracles as personal magic.
  • Never assumed authority for self-glory.
  • Never sought reverence for his own sake.

Had personal glory been his aim, the world was ready to give it to him. But he redirected all praise to God—asserting himself as the messenger, not the source.

This is the pinnacle of honesty, integrity, and humility. Where impostors have craved acclaim and prophets of falsehood have built cults of personality, this man—despite having every reason and opportunity—claimed nothing for himself.

His character shone with impeccable sincerity, moral clarity, and spiritual purity—qualities that render any charge of deceit or self-interest absurd.

He was, unmistakably, the Messenger of God.

The Final Prophet of a Universal Message.

This is Muhammad (peace be upon him):

• • A man of unmatched merit and honor.
  • A model of truth, moral strength, and humility.
  • The final bearer of Divine Revelation to all of humankind.

His life, his words, and the change he brought into the world remain the most compelling evidence of his Prophethood. To study:

• • His impeccable conduct,
  • His devotion to truth,
  • His transformative impact on history,

is to arrive at a single, unshakable conclusion:

He was the true Prophet of God.

And the Book he brought—the Qur’an—is the unaltered, unassailable Word of God.

Through him, the full and final articulation of God’s Will was revealed. The Qur’an, divinely protected, and the Sunnah, his living example, provide a complete guide to life.

With him, the chain of prophethood reached its culmination. Every divine instruction for human salvation was completed through him—nothing remained unspoken, and nothing was lost.

• The Path to Truth and Salvation

Anyone who sincerely seeks the truth—Who yearns to live in harmony with the Divine Will and attain eternal success—Must turn to Muhammad (peace be upon him) as God’s final and most complete guide for humanity.

• • To believe in him is to choose the path of truth.
  • To follow him is to walk the road of salvation.

His message transcends time, tribe, and territory. It is a universal call:

• • To conscience and justice.
  • To monotheism and submission before the One God.
  • To peace in this world and eternal success in the next.

• The Finality of Prophethood

This brings us to a profound truth: The finality of prophethood.

As previously discussed, a prophet’s role is not dependent on physical presence across eras or regions. What makes a prophet enduring is not his body, but his preserved message. Prophethood ends not when the man dies, but when his teachings are lost or corrupted.

History proves this:

• • The Torah, Psalms (Zabur), and Gospel (Injeel) have been altered, interpolated, and diluted.
  • Even their followers concede that no unaltered divine scripture remains.
  • The lives of past prophets are shrouded in mythology, lacking verifiable authenticity.

In contrast:

• • The Qur’an remains in its original form, letter by letter, vowel by vowel.
  • The Sunnah has been preserved with rigorous detail.
  • The life of Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) is the most historically documented life of any human being.

From his personal habits to his statecraft, from his prayers to his policies—nothing has been left in obscurity.

• Why No More Prophets?

Three conditions could justify the arrival of a new prophet:

• • If earlier revelations had been lost or corrupted.
  • If the previous guidance was incomplete.
  • If the earlier prophet’s mission was limited to a specific group or region.

None of these apply.

• • The Qur’an is uncorrupted and universally available.
  • The Prophet’s message is complete—spiritually, morally, socially, economically, and politically.
  • And his mission was universal.

“Today I have perfected your faith for you and completed My bounty upon you.” (Qur’an 5:3)1

This verse confirms the perfection of Divine Law. No further prophet is needed—nor would one be accepted.

“Say, [O Muhammad], ‘O mankind, I am the Messenger of Allah to all of you.’” (Qur’an 7:158)2

He was sent as a mercy to the worlds, as the Seal of the Prophets (Khatam-un-Nabiyyin).

• Carrying the Light Forward

In this light, the future of humanity does not depend on another prophet, but on:

• • The revival of his message,
  • The moral leadership of those who believe in him,
  • The establishment of a just order grounded in Divine Law.

The world doesn’t need new revelation. It needs courageous believers who uphold the last and complete revelation. It needs those who walk in the footsteps of the Final Messenger, carrying forward the torch of divine guidance into every corner of the world.

In this section, “Prophethood”

In this section we studied that, faith in God is deeply intertwined with belief in His Messengers, who conveyed divine guidance to humanity. We Explored the significance of Prophets in Islam, their role in delivering God’s message, and how their teachings serve as models for humanity.

In the next section, “The Articles of Faith”

Prophets conveyed the fundamental beliefs that define Islam. In the next section, The Articles of Faith, we will explore these core principles—belief in God, His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Day of Judgment, and Divine Decree—providing a comprehensive understanding of Islamic theology.